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水产养殖中摄食声学研究进展

  

  1. (1 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院，上海 201306；
    2 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所，上海 200092)
  • 出版日期:2020-08-20 发布日期:2020-12-07
  • 通讯作者: 刘晃（1973—），男，研究员，研究方向：水产养殖工程。E-mail：liuhuang@fmiri.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:曲蕊（1995—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向：水产养殖中的摄食声学。E-mail：1614288387@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所基本科研业务费资助(2017YJS009);特定鱼类摄食声学特性研究

Research progress of feeding acoustics in aquaculture

  1. (1 College of Engineering Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
    2 Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China)
  • Online:2020-08-20 Published:2020-12-07

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摘要： 人们很早就利用主动声学的方法对鱼虾进行声诱捕捞。相对于主动声学检测, 被动声学检测是一种不同于传统光学技术和主动声探测的研究手段，其对于研究对象没有伤害性和破坏性。本文可通过被动声学检测鱼虾摄食声，对不同鱼虾的摄食声进行定量分析，从而确定不同种类鱼虾的摄食特点。根据不同鱼虾摄食特点开发声学投饲系统，从而有针对性地进行投饲，在水产养殖中有着重要的应用价值。阐述了鱼虾发声的主要来源及摄食声发声机制，归纳了目前水下声信号的主要研究平台以及对声信号的采集、分析处理方法，总结了摄食声学在水产养殖中的主要应用。但目前检测到的摄食声信号是混合信号，并不能将摄食声信号从混合信号中提取出来。通过后续研究，未来可将摄食信号单独提取，从而对鱼的摄食声作定性、定量化分析。

关键词: 水产养殖, 鱼虾, 投喂, 摄食声学, 水声信号

Abstract: Active acoustics has long been used to trap fish and shrimp. Compared with active acoustic detection, passive acoustic detection is a research method different from traditional optical technology and active acoustic detection, and is not injurious or destructive to the subjects. In this paper, the feeding sound of different fish and shrimp is quantitatively analyzed through the passive acoustic detection, so as to determine the feeding characteristics of different kinds of fish and shrimp. According to the different feeding characteristics of fish and shrimp, the acoustic feeding system is developed to feed them pertinently, which has an important application value in aquaculture. The main sources of the sound of fish and shrimp and the mechanism of the feeding sound are described. The main research platform of underwater acoustic signal and the methods of collecting, analyzing and processing the acoustic signal are summarized. The main application of feeding acoustics in aquaculture is summarized. However, the feeding acoustic signal detected is a mixed signal at present. Feeding acoustic signal cannot be extracted from the mixed signal. Through the follow-up study, the feeding signal can be extracted separately in the future to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the feeding sound of fish.

Key words: Aquaculture, fish and shrimp, feeding, feeding acoustics, underwater acoustic signal