摘要： 为解决池塘高密度养殖过程中的投饲机承载量小、投饲不均匀、投饲范围小、饲料利用率低等问题，提出一种基于气体输送原理的自动投饲机。根据其工作原理，对投饲机的供料系统、输送系统、抛料系统和控制系统进行了设计与分析，采用气力作为供料能源，管道作为输送机构，撒料盘作为抛料机构，西门子S7-200PLC作为系统控制单元。结果显示，该自动投饲机能同时满足6个池塘的投喂，并能单独控制，满足池塘的投饲需求；投饲距离达20 m，平均投饲速度400 kg/h，破碎率低于0.9%，基本满足设计要求。与传统池塘投饲机相比，该投饲机具有结构简单、操作方便，饲料不易破碎、饲料利用率高等特点，并可实现对投饲量精确调节与控制。

关键词: 高密度养殖, 气力输送, 投饲机, 自动控制

Abstract:  In order to solve the problem of low loading carrying capacity, small feeding range and low feed utilization rate of the high density cultivation of the pond, an automatic feeding machine was proposed based on the principle of gas transmission. According to the working principle, the paper designed and analysed feeder system, material conveying system, polishing system and control system, using pneumatic feeding as energy, pipeline as a conveying mechanism, spreading plate as the feeding mechanism, SIEMENS S7-200 PLC as the control unit of the system. According to the requirement of feeding. At the same time, the feeding system can satisfy the feeding of the 6 groups, and can individually control to meet the demand of feeding. Feeding distance can reach 20m, the average feeding rate was 400kg/h, broken rate was lower than 0.9%. It can basically meets the design requirements. The work process show that, compared with conventional feeing machines, the automatic feeding machine had the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation, no-easy crushing, high feed utilization rate, and can realize the precise adjustment and control of feeding amount to achieve the desired results.

Key words: high-intensity aquaculture, pneumatic conveying, feeding machine, automatic control