渔业现代化

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一株内循环流水养殖池塘光合细菌的分离鉴定及氮磷去除能力的研究

  1. （1西南大学水产学院，重庆荣昌 402460； 2重庆市水产技术推广总站，重庆渝北 401121）
  • 出版日期:2021-02-20 发布日期:2021-03-19
  • 通讯作者: 朱成科（1981—）, 男，副教授，博士，研究方向：水产动物健康养殖与病害防控。E-mail: 329839045@qq.com
  • 作者简介:阳龙江（1998—）, 男，硕士研究生，研究方向：水产动物健康养殖。E-mail: 1173196109@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市社会事业民生保障与科技创新专项（cstc2017shms-zdyfX0056, cstc2020jscx-lyjsA0076.）；重庆市现代山地特色高效农业产业技术体系生态渔产业创新团队（2020-13）；国家大宗淡水产业技术体系（CARS-45-53）

Study on isolation and identification of a photosynthetic bacterium from an internal circulation aquaculture pond and its ability to remove nitrogen and phosphorus

  1. (1 College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China; 2 Chongqing Aquatic Technology Promotion Station, Yubei, Chongqing 401121, China)
  • Online:2021-02-20 Published:2021-03-19

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摘要： 为提高内循环流水养殖池塘净化区域的净化能力，从重庆潼南区内循环流水养殖池塘的底泥中分离纯化得到一株光合细菌（命名为菌株GR01）。通过形态学观察、生理生化鉴定、16S rDNA基因序列分析和扫描吸收光谱，对菌株进行分类鉴定。测定菌株GR01在不同温度、不同pH、不同盐度条件下的660 nm处的吸光度（A660），确定其最优培养条件。测定氨氮（NH3-N）、亚硝酸盐氮（NO2--N）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）含量，探究在室内模拟条件下该菌株对内循环流水养殖池塘净化区水体的去污能力。结果显示：菌株GR01为北京红篓菌（Rhodocista pekingensis），最适生长温度为28℃，最适pH为8.0，最适盐度为10‰，该菌株对尾水中NH3-N、NO2--N、TN和TP去除率分别为57.42%、28.74%、32.67%、32.85%。研究表明，菌株GR01对氮、磷具有明显的去除效率，其中对氨氮的去除效率最高，给内循环流水养殖尾水净化提供基础数据，与内循环流水养殖模式结合具有潜在的应用价值。

关键词: 内循环流水池塘, 光合细菌, 分离鉴定, 适宜培养条件, 去污能力

Abstract: In order to improve the purification capacity of the purification area in the internal circulation aquaculture pond, a photosynthetic bacterium named GR01 was isolated and purified from the bottom mud of internal circulation aquaculture pond in Tongnan District, Chongqing. The strain was classified and identified by morphological observation, physiological and biochemical identification, 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis and absorption spectrum scanning. The absorbance (A660) of GR01 was measured at 660 nm under different temperature, pH and salinity, and the optimal culture conditions were determined. The ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2--N), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were determined to explore the decontamination ability of the strain to the water in the purification area of the inner circulation aquaculture pond under the indoor simulated conditions. The results showed that GR01 was Rhodocista pekingensis, the optimal growth temperature was 28℃, the optimal pH was 8.0, and the optimal salinity was 10‰. The removal rate of the strain to NH3-N, NO2--N, TN and TP in the tail water was 57.42%, 28.74%, 32.67% and 32.85%, respectively. The results showed that GR01 had a significant removal efficiency to nitrogen and phosphorus, and the removal efficiency to ammonia nitrogen was the highest, which provided basic data for tail water purification in internal-circulation pond aquaculture and had a potential application prospect when combined with the internal-circulation pond aquaculture mode.

Key words: internal circulation aquaculture pond, photosynthetic bacteria, isolation and identification, suitable culture conditions, decontamination ability