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池塘沉积物对上覆水脱氮作用的初步探究

  

  1. （1 上海海洋大学，上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心，上海 201306；
    2 上海海洋大学，农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点试验室，上海 201306；
    3上海海洋大学，水产科学国家级试验教学示范中心，上海 201306）
  • 出版日期:2020-06-20 发布日期:2020-09-16
  • 通讯作者: 谭洪新（1968—），教授，博士，博士生导师。研究方向：循环水养殖技术与系统工程。E-mail：hxtan@shou.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:付贤茂（1995—），男，硕士生，研究方向：养殖污染生态调控技术。E-mail：525704746qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市科学技术委员会资助(19DZ2284300)

Preliminary study on denitrification of overlying water by pond sediments

  1. (1 Shanghai Ocean University, Research and Development Center of Aquaculture Engineering of Shanghai, Shanghai 201306, China
    2 Shanghai Ocean University, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai 201306, China
    3 Shanghai Ocean University, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai 201306, China)
  • Online:2020-06-20 Published:2020-09-16

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摘要： 以池塘沉积物为研究对象，研究其对上覆水的脱氮效果和微生物群落的影响。试验使用小苏打（NaHCO3）调控水体碱度，上覆水初始碱度（以CaCO3计）分别为A组(143.3±7.10) mg/L、B组(275.2±22.01 )mg/L、C组(385.1±28.01) mg/L和D组(466.5±61.50) mg/L。结果显示：沉积物对上覆水体脱氮率为A组93.31%、B组93.54%、C组94.88%、D组93.53%，组间无显著性差异（P>0.05），碱度添加对沉积物脱氮效果无明显影响（P>0.05）。高通量结果显示，沉积物微生物群落门水平上变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）为主要优势菌门。优势菌属硫杆菌（Thiobacillus）、硫碱螺旋杆菌属（Thioalkalispira）均为硫自养反硝化为主的脱氮菌属。研究表明，池塘沉积物对上覆水具有明显脱氮效果，碱度调控对其无显著影响。

关键词: 池塘沉积物, 脱氮, 微生物群落, 硫自养反硝化, 碱度

Abstract: This study takes pond sediments as the object to study its effect on denitrification of overlying water and microbial community. In the experiment, baking soda (NaHCO3) was used to regulate the alkalinity of the water. The initial alkalinity of the overlying water (calculated as CaCO3) was 143.3 ± 7.10 mg/L in group A, 275.2 ± 22.01 mg/L in group B, 385.1 ± 28.01 mg/L in group C and 466.5 ± 61.50 mg/L in group D. The results showed that the rate of denitrification of overlying water by sediments was 93.31% in Group A, 93.54% in Group B, 94.88% in Group C and 93.53% in Group D. There was no significant difference between the groups (P>0.05). Addition of alkalinity had no significant effect on the nitrogen removal effect of sediments (P>0.05). High-throughput results showed that Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria were the main dominant bacteria at the phylum level. The dominant genuses Thiobacillus and Thioalkalispira were both denitrifying bacteria mainly based on sulfur autotrophic denitrification. Studies have shown that pond sediments have an obvious denitrifying effect on overlying water, and there is no significant difference in alkalinity regulation.

Key words: pond sediment, denitrification, microbial community, sulfur autotrophic denitrification, alkalinity