渔业现代化

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基于北斗船位数据的江苏渔船航次分析

  

  1. （1上海海洋大学信息学院，上海  201306；
    2中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所，农业农村部东海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室，上海 200090）
  • 出版日期:2020-02-20 发布日期:2020-04-30
  • 通讯作者: 张胜茂(1976 — )，男，博士，副研究员，研究方向：渔业数据挖掘、遥感与地理信息。E-mail: ryshengmao@126.com
  • 作者简介:汤先峰(1995 — )，女，硕士研究生，研究方向：渔业数据挖掘。E-mail: 583730378@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费（2019CY0402）；国家自然科学基金项目 (31772899)；上海市自然科学基金项目 (17ZR1439800)

Voyage analysis of Jiangsu fishing vessels based on Beidou position data

  1. (1 College of Information, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China；
    2 Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resource Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China)
  • Online:2020-02-20 Published:2020-04-30

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摘要： 北斗船舶监控系统（VMS）包含渔船的位置、航速等数据，能用于挖掘渔船作业的动态信息。利用VMS数据对江苏渔船的航次和平均离岸距离进行提取，分析不同船长、类型、作业期、地区等条件下航次和平均离岸距离的特点。结果显示：1）江苏不同作业类型渔船航次差别明显，刺网航次数量最多，占总航次数的84.6 %，围网和张网作业渔船的平均离岸距离和平均作业时间大于其他作业类型，围网作业渔船最远可达174.02 km；2）江苏渔船大部分为中小型渔船，作业的平均离岸距离比较小，基本在80 km以内，平均离岸距离随着吨位和功率的增大而线性增大；3）全年的航次数量变化分布整体中间低两边高，4月、9～11月航次数较多，2月、5～7月航次数较少；4）江苏不同区县渔业差距较大，航次数最多的为南通启东市、如东县和盐城射阳县，渔船作业平均离岸距离最远的为苏州太仓市，最远可达332.38 km。研究结果可为江苏省渔业管理提供参考依据。

关键词: 北斗VMS, 航次提取, 离岸距离

Abstract: Beidou VMS (vessel monitoring system) data contains the position and speed of fishing vessels, which can be used to mine dynamic information about fishing operations. This paper used VMS data to extract voyage number and average offshore distance of Jiangsu fishing vessels, thus analyzing the voyage number and average offshore distance of vessels in different length, type, operating date and region. The results show that: 1) The voyage number of vessels in different operation types is obviously different in Jiangsu, with that of gill net being the largest, accounting for 84.6% of the total voyages, and the average offshore distance and average operation time of vessels operating with purse net and trap net are larger, with the maximum distance of vessels operating with purse net up to 174.02km; 2) most of Jiangsu fishing vessels are small or medium-sized , and the average  offshore distance is relatively small, basically within 80km, increasing linearly with the increase of tonnage and power; 3) the voyage number is generally the largest in the middle and smallest at the beginning and end of the year, with that in April and September to November being the largest and that in February and May to July being the smallest;  4) there is a big difference in fishing industry between cities in different regions of Jiangsu, with Qidong City, Rudong County and Sheyang County having the largest voyage number, and Taicang City having the furthest average offshore distance, i.e.,332.38km. The results can provide reference for fishery management in Jiangsu.

Key words: Beidou VMS, voyage extraction, offshore distance