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海洋光合细菌筛选及其对养殖水体修复效果的测定

  

  1.  (哈尔滨工业大学（威海）海洋科学与技术学院，山东 威海 264209)
  • 出版日期:2019-06-20 发布日期:2019-07-25
  • 作者简介:王光玉（1972—），男，副教授，研究方向：海洋环境生物技术。E-mail:wanggy18_2007@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    哈尔滨工业大学威海校区学科建设引导基金项目(WH20160205)

Screening of marine photosynthetic bacteria and determination of the effect on aquaculture water restoration#br#

  1. ((Weihai) School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209,Shandong, China)
  • Online:2019-06-20 Published:2019-07-25

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摘要： 集约化投饵型养殖会导致养殖区域底部环境持续恶化，限制了水产养殖的可持续发展。对采自威海金海滩排污口附近污泥中的海洋光合细菌进行了富集、分离和初步鉴定，模拟自然养殖环境，选取优势菌株进行池塘底泥处理实验（上层水体，下层底泥），分析比较两株菌对底泥的改良效果；实验共获得两株优势光合细菌PSB1和PSB2，分属于红假单胞菌属（Rhodopseudomonas）和小红卵菌属（Rhodovulum）。底泥处理实验结果显示：PSB1和PSB2都可以稳定水体pH，降解水中的硫化物、氨氮和化学耗氧量（CODMn）。PSB1处理底泥最佳效果为：添加1‰的PSB1，水体中pH在6.98-7.33，底泥中CODMn、硫化物、氨氮和NO2--N降解率分别为92.91%、79.61%、97.00%和73.56%。研究表明，光合细菌可以促进改善水质、维持下层水体的良好水质，在水产养殖中具有良好的应用前景。

关键词: 光合细菌, 底泥处理, 海水养殖, 水体修复

Abstract: Intensive bait farming can lead to a continuous deterioration of the environment at the bottom of the farming area, which limits the sustainable development of aquaculture. In this study, the marine photosynthetic bacteria collected from the sludge near the sewage outlet of Weihai Golden Beach were enriched, separated and preliminarily identified. Under the simulated natural aquaculture environment, the dominant strains were selected for the pond sediment treatment test (upper water body, lower sediment). The improvement effect of the two strains on the sediment was analyzed and compared. Two dominant photosynthetic bacteria PSB1 and PSB2 respectively belonging to Rhodopseudomonas and Rhodobacter were obtained. The sediment treatment test results show that both PSB1 and PSB2 can stabilize the water pH and degrade the sulfide, ammonia nitrogen and CODMn in the water. PSB1 has the best effect in treatment of sediment when: 1‰ of PSB1 is added, the pH in water is 6.98-7.33, and the degradation rates of CODMn, sulfide, ammonia nitrogen and NO2--N in the sediment are respectively 92.91%, 79.61%, 97.00% and 73.56%. The results show that photosynthetic bacteria can promote the improvement of water quality and maintain the good quality of lower water body, and has a good application prospect in aquaculture.

Key words: Photosynthetic bacteria, sediment treatment, marine aquaculture, water restoration