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食源色氨酸添加量对不同密度下刺参生长和代谢酶活性的影响

  

  1.  （1 中国海洋大学，教育部海水养殖重点实验室，山东 青岛，266003；
    2 辽宁师范大学生命科学学院，辽宁 大连，116081)
     （1 中国海洋大学，教育部海水养殖重点实验室，山东 青岛，266003；
    2 辽宁师范大学生命科学学院，辽宁 大连，116081)
  • 出版日期:2019-02-20 发布日期:2019-05-13
  • 通讯作者: 董双林(1956—)，男，博士，教授。研究方向：水产养殖生态学。E-mail: dongsl@ouc.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张恩栋(1972—)，男，博士，副教授，研究方向：水产养殖生态学。E-mail: zhangendongemail@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目“刺参养殖对海水池塘碳迁移转化过程及水气界面二氧化碳通量的影响”（31672657）

Effects of dietary Trp levels on growth and metabolic enzyme activities of Apostichopus japonicus Selenka reared at various densities#br#

  1. (1 Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China；
    2 School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, Liaoning, China)
  • Online:2019-02-20 Published:2019-05-13

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摘要： 为研究食源色氨酸对不同密度下刺参生长和代谢酶活性的影响，在水温(17 ± 0.5) °C下将初始体质量（湿重）为（3.5 ± 0.1）g的刺参（Apostichopus japonicus Selenka）饲养在40 L(53 cm×28 cm×34 cm)的玻璃水族箱中，密度分别为4（L组）、8（ML组）、16（MH组）和32（H组）头/40 L ，分别投喂添加0%、1%、3%和5%色氨酸的饲料，饲养75 d，每个处理组设4个重复。试验测定了刺参体重变化和代谢酶活性，结果显示：随着养殖密度增加，刺参生物量增加，刺参增重率下降。最大生物量为196.1g（3%色氨酸，H组），最低增重率为35.9%（5%色氨酸，H组）；与对照组相比，饲料中添加3%色氨酸处理组刺参生长更快；在各养殖密度下，添加3%色氨酸处理组的丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、乳酸脱氢酶（MDH）和苹果酸脱氢酶（LDH）酶活力低于其他处理组。高密度(H)下，添加3%色氨酸处理组的ALT、AST、MDH和LDH活力分别为5.56 U/g prot、1.85 U/g prot、0.17 U/mg prot、64 U/g prot，低于对照组。研究表明，添加1%~3%食源色氨酸可以缓解高密度养殖对刺参的胁迫，提高刺参生长率。

关键词: 刺参, 密度胁迫, 色氨酸, 生长, 代谢酶

Abstract: Apostichopus japonicus Selenka with initial body weight (wet weight) of (3.5±0.1) g was reared in a 40 L glass tank (53cm×28cm×34cm) at water temperature of (17±0.5)℃ at a density of 4 ind./tank (group L), 8 ind./tank (group ML), 16 ind./tank (group MH) and 32 ind./tank (group H), and fed with diets supplemented with 0%, 1%, 3% and 5% Trp for 75 days with four replicates to investigate the effects of dietary Trp on growth and metabolic enzyme activities of Apostichopus japonicus Selenka reared at various densities. The body weight change and metabolic enzyme activities of Apostichopus japonicus Selenka were determined in the experiment. The results showed that the biomass of Apostichopus japonicus Selenka was increased and weight gain decreased as the stocking density increased. The maximum biomass was 196.1g (group H, 3% Trp), while the minimum weight gain was 35.9 (group H, 5% Trp). There was significantly higher growth rate in the Apostichopus japonicus Selenka fed with the diet containing 3% of Trp than that in the control group. The Apostichopus japonicus Selenka fed with the diet containing 3% of Trp had lower ALT activity, AST activity, MDH activity and LDH activity than that in other treatment groups at various stocking densities. The ALT activity, AST activity, MDH activity and LDH activity were 5.56 U/gprot, 1.85U/gprot, 0.17U/mgprot and 64U/gprot respectively when the diet containing 3% of Trp in H group, which were lower than those in the control group. The study showed that addition of 1%-3% dietary Trp could alleviate the stress of high-density culture on Apostichopus japonicus Selenka and improve the growth of Apostichopus japonicus Selenka.

Key words: Apostichopus japonicus Selenka, density stress, Trp, growth, metabolic enzyme