关键词: 水产养殖, 蟹塘, 虾塘, 投饲装置, 移动投饲, 自动控制

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of feeding inhomogeneity in crabs and shrimp ponds, a kind of moving feeding device for large and medium-sized crabs and shrimp ponds was designed and produced. The device can realize automatic control of the trajectory of action so as to drop feed to the pond without intermittent. The device can walk in the pond based on its automatic running gear, and transfer feed from the feed bin to the tray based on its twisted dragon structure. The feed bin is equipped with a tunable servo motor, to regulate its revolving speed based on the frequency converter, so which can control the radius and the amount of feed dropped. The designed feed storage tank has a volume of 0.08m3, the feed tray is 0.62m high above the water surface, and the breeding pond is a 100m long and 33m wide. The results showed that the feed in a 0.08 m3 feed bin could meet the demand of feeding the crab ponds and shrimp in a 0.33 hm2 pond for once; when walking in a straight line, the feeding radius can be adjusted from 1.2 to 5.8 m; the feeding speed can be adjusted, the crushing rate of feed is about 1%, and the residual bait rate of feed bin is between 2% and 8%. It is concluded that the moving automatic feeding device has the advantages of automatic walking, uniform feeding and wide feeding range, etc., which can effectively improve the feed utilization efficiency of crab and shrimp ponds, and reduce labor costs, thus can be extended to all large and medium-sized breeding ponds.

Key words: aquaculture, crab pond, shrimp pond, feeding device, moving feeding, automatic control