摘要： 为进一步提高移动式太阳能增氧机的使用效率、降低开发成本，采用Solidworks软件对原型机进行了改进设计及性能测试。通过对运动控制系统的简化和采用非接触式换向的水面行走机构，使得来回行走更加灵敏。性能测试结果显示，改进后的移动式太阳能增氧机，当光照度为17 000 Lx，转速可达到34 r/min，光照度越强，叶轮转动越快，其增氧效率也越高；在输入电压24 V时，选用8.2 kΩ和2 kΩ电阻进行分压，可以使控制电压达到4.7 V。对光敏传感器进行的优化结果表明，选用4.2 kΩ光敏阻值，在低光照强度下能够达到最低20 r/min的转速要求，遥控距离可达到45 m，平均运行时间可达6 h/d左右。电气控制系统采用单元模块，以及更加便捷的水面行走机构，不仅实现了原型机的全部控制要求，还降低了材料成本费用。结果表明，改进后的增氧机性能稳定可靠，适于在池塘养殖中推广。

关键词: 太阳能, 增氧机, 水面行走机构, 光敏传感器, 池塘

Abstract:  In order to improve the efficiency and reduce the developing cost of mobile solar-energy aerators, the Solidworks software was used for the prototype design improvement and performance testing. Through the simplification of the motion control system and use of non-contact type of the water walking mechanism, the back-and-forth walking of the machine became more flexible. Performance test showed that improved mobile solar aerator, when the light intensity was 17 000 Lx, the rotational speed could reach 34 r/min, and the higher the light intensity was, the faster the impeller rotated, also the better the aeration efficiency would be; when the input voltage was 24 V, use 8.2 kΩ and 2 kΩ resistors for dividing, and the control voltage could reach 4.7 V. The sensor optimization results showed that under low light intensity, the selected 4.2 kΩ resistance could meet the speed requirements of 20r/min at the lowest, remote control distance could reach 45m, and the average running time could be up to about 6 h/d. The electric control system uses the simplest unit module and more convenient water surface running mechanism, not only realizing all the control requirements of the prototype, but also reducing the cost of materials. The results show that the improved aerator is more stable and reliable in performance, and is suitable to be applied in pond aquaculture.

Key words:  solar energy, aerator device, water walking mechanism, photosensitive sensor, pond